Hydroxyapatite vs Nano Hydroxyapatite

Both nano hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite are forms of the same naturally occurring mineral that makes up our teeth and bones. Recently, they've both been making waves in regenerative dentistry as alternatives to fluoride.

While they're similar in structure, there are some big differences. For example, because nano hydroxyapatite particles are far smaller than hydroxyapatite, nano hydroxyapatite toothpaste is more effective at fighting tooth decay, remineralizing enamel, and soothing hypersensitivity.

That said, while nano hydroxyapatite is more effective in toothpaste than hydroxyapatite, hydroxyapatite has a broader range of applications such as more frequent use in orthopedic implants and bone grafts.

In this article, I'll explain everything you need to know about nano hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite and what makes them different.

What is nano hydroxyapatite？

Nano hydroxyapatite (also known as nHA) is a synthetic form of hydroxyapatite, a naturally occurring mineral found in our teeth and bones. It's known for its similarity to the mineral component of our teeth, making it a valuable ingredient in remineralizing toothpaste.

Nano hydroxyapatite is created by breaking down hydroxyapatite into nanoscale particles, which are extremely small and have unique properties. Despite its small size, this nano hydroxyapatite works by:

• remineralize tooth enamel
• repair initial stages of tooth decay
• strengthen the tooth structure
• and soothe tooth sensitivity.

These benefits occur because when nano hydroxyapatite is applied to the enamel surface, it can bond with the tooth's natural hydroxyapatite, repairing and strengthening the enamel.

Studies suggest that nano hydroxyapatite is equally as effective as fluoride toothpaste at remineralization and preventing dental caries. Due to some of the concerns around fluoride toxicity, many people prefer nano hydroxyapatite as a better alternative to fluoride.

What is hydroxyapatite？

Hydroxyapatite (also referred to as simply "HA") is a naturally occurring mineral that is the primary inorganic component of human teeth and bones.

It is a crystalline structure composed of calcium and phosphate ions, making it a vital component of the hard tissues in our bodies. In fact, hydroxyapatite gives our teeth and bones their strength and hardness.

In the context of teeth, hydroxyapatite is a key component of tooth enamel, which is the outermost layer of the tooth surface. Enamel is the hardest substance in the human body, and it protects the underlying dentin and pulp of the tooth.

Hydroxyapatite is also used in various dental and medical applications, including dental implants, bone grafts, and as a biomaterial in orthopedic surgery.

Nano Hydroxyapatite vs. Hydroxyapatite

Nano hydroxyapatite (nano-HA or nHA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) are both forms of the mineral hydroxyapatite, but they differ in terms of particle size, applications, and properties.

A. Natural vs. Synthetic

First, the nano hydroxyapatite in your toothpaste is likely synthetic nHA that was created in a laboratory through controlled chemical processes. Even though some people may be uncomfortable with synthetic materials, nano hydroxyapatite is safe and effective.

Similarly, synthetic hydroxyapatite is produced for various applications, including dental and medical uses.

However, hydroxyapatite can also be found naturally in human teeth and bones. Natural sources include animal-derived hydroxyapatite from sources like bovine bone or fish scales.

B. Particle Size

Nano hydroxyapatite consists of nanoscale particles, typically with dimensions in the range of tens to hundreds of nanometers. Its small particle size allows for greater surface area and improved bioavailability.

This is why nano hydroxyapatite particles can be so advantageous in regenerative dentistry.

On the other hand, traditional hydroxyapatite consists of much larger particles than nano sized particles, typically in the micrometer range. While hydroxyapatite is still a fine powder, it does have a lower surface area compared to nano hydroxyapatite.

This is why hydroxyapatite toothpastes tend to be less effective than nano hydroxyapatite toothpastes.

C. Biocompatibility

Experts agree both nano hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite are safe and biocompatible substances that closely resemble the natural mineral composition of our teeth and bones.

D. Applications

Nano hydroxyapatite is most popular for its use in dental products, thanks to its benefits of oral biofilm management, preventing tooth decay, and soothing hypersensitivity. This is because it has a particularly small particle size which allows it to penetrate and remineralize tooth enamel effectively.

Similarly, hydroxyapatite is also used in dentistry but not as commonly as nano hydroxyapatite.

Both nHA and HA have a broad application range, including:

• orthopedic and dental implants
• bone grafts
• and other various medical applications.

In particular, dental professionals use nano hydroxyapatite toothpaste as a better alternative to fluoride.

E. Remineralizing Properties

Nano hydroxyapatite is well-known for its remineralizing properties. In fact, it's one of the best treatments for tooth decay and sensitivity.

Remineralization is essential for maintaining the integrity of our teeth and is a continuous, natural repair mechanism to restore minerals to the tooth enamel.

While hydroxyapatite toothpaste can also be effective for remineralization, studies suggest that it is not as effective as nano hydroxyapatite toothpaste.

F. Aesthetic Benefits

Nano hydroxyapatite is known for its ability to improve your smile, including benefits like:

• whitening teeth
• reducing discoloration
• and improving the glossiness and hardness of teeth.

In contrast, research suggests hydroxyapatite toothpaste may not be as effective as nano hydroxyapatite toothpaste in providing these aesthetic benefits.

G. Safety

Because of their biomimetic nature, both nano hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite are generally considered safe for various applications, including use in toothpaste.

In particular, experts suggest that nano hydroxyapatite has low toxicity and minimal risk of adverse effects.